Different Types Of Fractures in 2020
Fracture Detail In Fracture means a type of broken bone. The broken bone can also be like a thin crack or can be completely shattered bone. Bone fractures can occur in many ways This fracture can occur in many places or in many pieces or can also be crosswise.
A bone fracture occurs when something that is overweight falls on the bone or there is some kind of pressure on the bone and the bone cannot bear the pressure more than its capacity. Today, in this article, we will know what is fracture and what are its causes, type of treatment, treatment, and prevention.
Bone fractures can also be caused by medical conditions in which the bone is weakened, such as osteoporosis, certain cancers, or osteogenesis imperfecta (also known as a brittle bone disease).
Fractures caused by any medical condition are called pathological fractures. If you feel that you have a fracture, consult your doctor immediately.
Table of Contents
What is a fracture :-
A fracture of the bone is usually considered a fracture, but it is not necessary that the bone is always fractured only when broken, even if there is a slight crack in the bone, it is considered a fracture by doctors. The fracture can occur in any part of the body.
There are many ways to fracture a bone, such as a fracture of the bone that causes no damage to the surrounding skin and tissue. This fracture is called Closed Fracture. And the fracture that causes serious damage to the skin and surrounding tissue is also called Compound Fracture or Open Fracture. Compound fractures are more serious and dangerous than simple fractures.
Types of bone fractures :-
There are various types of fractures in bones, such as-
Isolation fracture (Avulsion Fracture ) – would stretch the muscles and ligaments (Ligament) in such a fracture which is a bone fracture.
Kmuted fracture ( Comminuted Fracture ) – bone such fractures are torn asunder.
Compression fracture ( Crush Fracture ) – This fracture usually occurs in the spinal cord. Osteoporosis is caused by fractures of people whose spine is weakened and broken.
Fracture Dislokeshn ( Fracture Dislocation ) – is thus a joint Disloket of bone fracture, and he has come to fracture a bone.
Greenstick fracture – bone fracture on one side of the partial fracture, but not completely broken because the rest can bend even bones. This type of fracture is most common in children who have more flexibility in their bones and tend to be softer.
Hairline fracture – This is a partial fracture of a type of bone. Sometimes this type of fracture is difficult to detect even by regular x-rays.
Affect fracture – This type occurs when a bone fracture in the fracture, then goes inside a piece of second bone of bone.
Intraarticular Fracture – This type of fracture involves a fracture on the joint surface. Greenstick fracture.
Oblik fracture – the bone fracture is broken by diagonal (Diagonal).
Pathological fracture – This fracture is already in the bone has weakened because of a disease or condition.
Spiral fracture – is such a fracture in folded one part of the bone.
Stress Fracture – this kind of fracture is most common in athletes, both from too much stress and strain when the bone is broken.
Torus fracture – Such is not breaking the fracture is bone twisted, it is very common fracture children.
Transverse fracture – bone in this type of fracture breaks straight down.
Symptoms of bone breakdown:-
Symptoms and signs of fracture or bone fracture depend on where the bone is broken, apart from the patient’s age, general health and the severity of the injury, the symptoms of the fracture can be decided, yet the bone Some common symptoms of a fracture (bone fracture) include-
- Pain
- Swelling
- Skin swelling around the affected area
- Angulations – The injured area may be folded at an unusual angle.
- Patient unable to put weight on the affected area
- The patient is unable to move the injured area from here
- Tingling sensation in the affected bone or joint
- If it is a type of open fracture, bleeding may also occur.
- The victim may appear completely pale and colorless
- The patient may feel dizzy or may faint
- Feeling sick and feeling nauseous.
Fracture Causes:-
Most fractures are caused by a severe fall or vehicle accident. A person’s healthy bones are extremely hard and flexible and can withstand surprisingly powerful effects. But as people age, the risk of bone fracture increases due to two factors, which are weak bones and more risk of falling.
- Children who are more physically active than adults may also be at risk of bone fracture.
- Underlying diseases and conditions can also lead to the weakening of bones, due to which the risk of fracture is high. Such as those who have osteoporosis, infection, or any kind of tumor.
- There is also a risk of fracture due to excessive stress on the bones, this problem is usually found in professional players.
Fracture Diagnosis:-
If you feel that you have fractured your bone, contact a doctor immediately. The doctor will examine your injured area, for which he can do some visibility tests. The doctor may ask you to move and keep the affected area around to check your injury.
If your doctor feels that you really have a fracture, then he can ask you to have an x-ray done. X-rays are the most common method of examining a broken bone. The X-ray shows the image inside your bones, which gives more information about the cause of the affected area and the severity of the injury. The type of fracture and where the fracture occurred can also be known from X-rays.
The doctor may also ask you to have an MRI and a CT scan for some serious bone fractures.
Treatment of fracture:-
Treatment of bone fracture is usually taken with the belief that after joining the bone you can easily do all the same things again. Bone Healing is a natural process that recovers itself over time.
There are many treatments for attaching a broken bone which includes-
- Immobilization: In the process of immobilization, the broken bone is added and it is tried to keep the bone straight until it heals.
- Plaster Casts or Plastic Functional Braces: In this process, the bone is added such that it holds the plaster bone until the bone is joined.
- Metal Plates And Screws: In this process, the broken bone is joined by supporting metal plates and screws.
- Intra-Medullary Nails: In this process, the inner metal rod is placed under the center of the long bones. Flexible wires are used in children under this process.
- External Fixators: This fixator is made of metal and carbon fiber and consists of a steel pin that goes directly to the bone through the skin and is fixed. Although a broken bone takes 2–8 weeks to stabilize with immobilization, the timing depends on where the bone has fractured and whether there is any complication, such as trouble filling the blood or somehow Infection is not occurring.
- Healing: If the broken bone is properly joined and is kept stable then the healing process starts on its own. The age of the patient, how the bone has been affected, the type of fracture, and the patient’s general health are all factors that indicate how fast the bone is healing. If the patient smokes regularly, the treatment process takes longer.
- Physical Therapy: After the healing process is over, after the healing of the bone, it is necessary to increase the strength of the muscles as well as the mobility of the affected area. If the fracture is near or joint, then you may have a problem with arthritis or bone hardening in the future.
- Surgery: If soft tissue and skin around the broken bone are also affected, then plastic surgery can be taken to correct it.